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21st Century C – Book

U+0000 is a valid code point, which we C authors like to write as ‘\0’. Because \0 is the ASCII zero as well, this rule is a special case of the last one. This is important because a UTF-8 string with one \0 at the end is exactly what we need for a valid C char * string.

Recall how the unit for UTF-16 and UTF-32 is several bytes long, and for naïve English, there will be padding for most of the unit; that means that the first 8 bits have very good odds of being entirely zero, which means that dumping UTF-16 or UTF-32 text to a char * variable is likely to give you a string littered with null bytes.